Official
Aşud Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Diyarbakır in 1877/78 (AH 1294). On record 1901 to 1906, 5 annual entries.
Archive reference 116_160; 317
Life#
Aşud Efendi was born in Diyarbakır in 1877/78 (AH 1294), into the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community. Schooling took four years, at an Armenian community school (Ermeni Millet Mektebi); Aşud also wrote Armenian, French and Turkish.
Work began in Diyarbakır in 1897/98, at about 20, with four unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 250 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1901/02, places Aşud in Diyarbakır, the birthplace, as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti), where the entries run to 1904/05. The last post was in Aleppo (Halep) in 1905/06.
The salary went from 250 kuruş a month in 1901/02 to 500 in 1905/06, the peak, as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Aleppo, when half the paid officials earned less. Over five years the salaries add up to 19,800 kuruş, 68 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1905/06.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1877/78 (AH 1294); First work 1897/98 (AH 1315); 1901 to 1905 (AH 1319 to 1322)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
250 to 300 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901/02 | 250 | 500 | 480 | 14% |
| 1902/03 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1903/04 | 300 | 475 | 450 | 23% |
| 1904/05 | 300 | 450 | 455 | 23% |
| 1905/06 | 500 | 475 | 445 | 50% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1897/98AH 1315 | First work | Diyarbakır | 250first-salary field |
| 1901 to 1905AH 1319 to 1322 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 250 to 300 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Birthplace
- Diyarbakır
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
Education
- Community school
- Ermeni Millet Mektebi (4 years)Armenian community school
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 4 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1897/98 (AH 1315)
- Place
- Diyarbakır
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 250
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 40 officials with entries in Diyarbakır in the same years, Aşud Efendi had the 15th highest salary.
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 3,750 kuruş
- Mustafa Hulusi Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Luk Amasyan Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 980 kuruş
- David Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 820 kuruş
- Abdürrezzak Talat Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 750 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 271 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Aşud Efendi had the 143rd highest salary.
- Garon Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Taşçıyan Markar Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Dikran Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Acemyan Dikran Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Ahmet Ragıp Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 86 officials with Ermeni Millet Mektebi among their schools, Aşud Efendi had the 59th highest salary.
- Serkiz Hastayan Efendiborn 1874/75 (AH 1291); highest salary 450 kuruş
- Abraham Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Hırant Keresteciyan Efendiborn 1881/82 (AH 1299); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Agop Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 150 kuruş
- Vensan Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 150 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 72 officials born in Diyarbakır, Aşud Efendi had the 33rd highest salary.
- Unnamed official (0087_0129; 255)born 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 250 kuruş
- Ahmet Mithat Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 475 kuruş
- Ali Asım Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 200 kuruş
- ESAT EFENDİborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mehmet Mikdad Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 400 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 131 officials whose first annual entry is for 1901/02 (AH 1319), Aşud Efendi had the 25th highest salary.
- Ahmet Fevzi Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Elyas Zehlan Efendifirst entry in Beirut (Beyrut); highest salary 400 kuruş
- İsak Marbut Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Kemaleddin Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 100 kuruş
- Ahmet İhsan Efendifirst entry in Trabzon; highest salary 600 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (5)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_160; 317 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_160; 317 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_160; 317 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_160; 317 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_160; 317 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Aşud Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1294 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | diyarbakir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | diyarbakir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Ermeni Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1315 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1897 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Diyarbakir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 250 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 5 annual entries of 5 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Aşud Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Diyarbakır
- Armenian community school (Ermeni Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)