Official
Pedrus Kandela Efendi
Syriac Christian (Süryani). Born in Mosul (Musul) in 1863/64 (AH 1280). On record 1883 to 1904, 18 annual entries.
Archive reference 58- 204;401
Life#
Born in Mosul (Musul) in 1863/64 (AH 1280), Pedrus Kandela Efendi came from the Syriac Christian (Süryani) community. Pedrus Kandela had four years of schooling, at a special school (Mekteb-i Mahsusa), and wrote Arabic, French and Turkish.
Work began in Mosul in 1880/81, at about 17, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1883/84, places Pedrus Kandela in Diyarbakır as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti). Next came a return to Mosul, the birthplace, from 1885 to 1887, then Tripoli (Trablusşam) from 1887 to 1894. For 1894 to 1897 the lists have no entry. The last posts were in Beirut (Beyrut) from 1897 to 1904, first as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru), from 1903/04 as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti.
Pay rose from 400 kuruş a month in 1883/84 to a peak of 550 in 1887/88, as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Tripoli, when 56 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1903/04.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1863/64 (AH 1280); First work 1880/81 (AH 1298)
1897 to 1904 (AH 1315 to 1321)
No annual entry for 1894 to 1897 (AH 1312 to 1314) before it.
Muhabere Memuru 1897 to 1903 (AH 1315 to 1320); Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti 1903/04 (AH 1321)
400 to 450 kuruş a month; entries in 7 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1883/84 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 27% |
| 1884/85 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 27% |
| 1885/86 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 487.5 | 42% |
| 1886/87 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
| 1887/88 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 56% |
| 1888/89 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 55% |
| 1889/90 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 55% |
| 1890/91 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 56% |
| 1891/92 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 57% |
| 1892/93 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 57% |
| 1893/94 | 550 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 58% |
| 1897/98 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 32% |
| 1898/99 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 44% |
| 1899/1900 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 43% |
| 1900/01 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 43% |
| 1901/02 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 472.5 | 45% |
| 1902/03 | 450 | 500 | 380 | 450 | 46% |
| 1903/04 | 450 | 475 | 450 | 430 | 47% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880/81AH 1298 | First work | Mosul (Musul) | 400first-salary field |
| 1883 to 1885AH 1301 to 1302 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 400 |
| 1885 to 1887AH 1303 to 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 500 |
| 1887 to 1894AH 1305 to 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 |
| No annual entry: 1894 to 1897 (AH 1312 to 1314) | |||
| 1897 to 1903AH 1315 to 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 400 to 450 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1863/64 (AH 1280)
- Birthplace
- Mosul (Musul)
- Community
- Syriac Christian (Süryani)
- Nationality as recorded
- Suryani
Education
- Other named school
- Mekteb-i Mahsusa (4 years)special school
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1880/81 (AH 1298)
- Place
- Mosul (Musul)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Legal records
- Legal record note as worded
- Devamsızlık / terk-i vazife ile Mısır’a savuştuğu anlaşılmıştır. Bin üç yüz yirmi iki senesi Saferinin yirmi dördünde 27 Nisan sene 1320 idareten azledildiği; Devamsızlıktan; Devamsızlık
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 32 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Beirut (Beyrut) in the same years, Pedrus Kandela Efendi had the 11th highest salary.
- Yakup Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Kaysar Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- MEHMET RÜŞTÜ EFENDİ5 shared years; highest salary 540 kuruş
- Enis Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 11 officials with entries in Tripoli (Trablusşam) in the same years, Pedrus Kandela Efendi had the 5th highest salary.
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Mehmet Sait Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 850 kuruş
- Şevket Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 450 kuruş
- Mehmet Abid Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Çaker Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 319 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Pedrus Kandela Efendi had the 199th highest salary.
- Israti Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Rıfat Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Acemyan Dikran Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Andon İzekiyan Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 38 officials with Mekteb-i Mahsusa among their schools, Pedrus Kandela Efendi had the 27th highest salary.
- Reşid Efendiborn 1863/64 (AH 1280); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Sason Efendiborn 1863/64 (AH 1280); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Fransuva Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Zenob Balyan Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Besim Efendiborn 1864/65 (AH 1281); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 22 officials born in Mosul (Musul), Pedrus Kandela Efendi had the 14th highest salary.
- Futuhi Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Ahmet Hilmi Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mensur Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 650 kuruş
- Naum Salaho Efendiborn 1851/52 (AH 1268); highest salary 1,300 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 80 officials whose first annual entry is for 1883/84 (AH 1301), Pedrus Kandela Efendi had the 51st highest salary.
- Dençoylu Hayler Efendifirst entry in Diyarbakır; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Ahmed İzzet Efendifirst entry in Araç; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Dadi Fransuva Efendifirst entry in Thessaloniki (Selanik); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Dikran Efendifirst entry in Keşan; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Halil Efendifirst entry in Mezraa; highest salary 600 kuruş
All 80 officials whose first annual entry is for 1883/84 (AH 1301)
Full record
Annual entries (18)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Diyarbakır | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 204;401 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (16)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Pedrus Kandela Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1280 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Suryani | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Suryani | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Mektebi Mahsusa | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1298 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1881 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Legal records | ||
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlık / terk-i vazife ile Mısır’a savuştuğu anlaşılmıştır. Bin üç yüz yirmi iki senesi Saferinin yirmi dördünde 27 Nisan sene 1320 idareten azledildiği used on this page | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlıktan other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlık other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Legal notes (earlier workbook copy)
- A workbook of notes on legal records. The wording is kept as written. It may hold an accusation or an acquittal, it is not the finding of a court, and its year is the year of the record, not the date of an event.
- Legal notes (later workbook copy)
- A later copy of the workbook of notes on legal records. The same wording in both copies is one note, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 18 annual entries of 18 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Pedrus Kandela Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Tripoli (Trablusşam)
- Mosul (Musul)
- Special school (Mekteb-i Mahsusa)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Syriac Christian (Süryani)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)