Official
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Niš (Niş) in 1859/60 (AH 1276). On record 1876 to 1892, 14 annual entries. Death recorded 1892/93.
Archive reference 0007_0172; 341
Life#
Born in Niš (Niş) in 1859/60 (AH 1276), Mehmet Tevfik Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Mehmet Tevfik had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi), wrote Turkish and spoke Bulgarian and Greek (Rum), and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
Work began in Niš in 1875/76, at about 16, with one unpaid year as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 200 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1876/77, with Mehmet Tevfik as an official (Memur) in Niš, the birthplace. Next came Mitrovica (Mitroviça), Varna and Neapoli (Nasliç) from 1877 to 1879, with a rise to communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in 1877/78, then Vlorë (Avlonya) from 1882 to 1891. For 1879 to 1882 the lists have no entry. The last post was in Zavric in 1891/92.
Pay rose from 200 kuruş a month in 1876/77 to a peak of 750 in 1878, as Muhabere Memuru in Varna, when 61 per cent of paid officials earned less. The peak lasted a single year; the next list gives 500 kuruş. After the last annual entry, for 1891/92, the list of 1892/93 (AH 1310) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
1882 to 1891 (AH 1300 to 1308)
No annual entry for 1879 to 1882 (AH 1297 to 1299) before it.
600 kuruş a month; entries in 9 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1892/93 (AH 1310): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1876/77 | 200 | 582.5 | 400 | 500 | 5% |
| 1877/78 | 400 | 560 | 410 | 500 | 16% |
| 1878 | 750 | 600 | 500 | 750 | 61% |
| 1878/79 | 500 | 600 | 420 | 400 | 34% |
| 1882/83 | 600 | 500 | 570 | 600 | 59% |
| 1883/84 | 600 | 500 | 585 | 600 | 59% |
| 1884/85 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 600 | 59% |
| 1885/86 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 600 | 58% |
| 1886/87 | 600 | 500 | 585 | 600 | 59% |
| 1887/88 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 600 | 58% |
| 1888/89 | 600 | 500 | 670 | 600 | 58% |
| 1889/90 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 600 | 58% |
| 1890/91 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 600 | 59% |
| 1891/92 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 59% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1875/76AH 1292 | First work | Niš (Niş) | 200first-salary field |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Memur | Niš (Niş) | 200 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Mitrovica (Mitroviça) | 400 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Varna | 750 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Neapoli (Nasliç) | 500 |
| No annual entry: 1879 to 1882 (AH 1297 to 1299) | |||
| 1882 to 1891AH 1300 to 1308 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Zavric | 600 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1859/60 (AH 1276)
- Birthplace
- Niš (Niş)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Death recorded
- 1892/93 (AH 1310)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 1 year
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Bulgarian
- Tekellumspeaking
- Greek (Rum)
- Tekellumspeaking. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1875/76 (AH 1292)
- Place
- Niš (Niş)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 200
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 3 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Mitrovica (Mitroviça) in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Osman Nuri Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mustafa Nuri Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 400 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 9 officials with entries in Vlorë (Avlonya) in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Azaryak Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Antuan Teofilidi Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Anastaş Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 630 kuruş
- Mehmet Nusret Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Karnik Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 33 officials with the title Başmemur in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 21st highest salary.
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Esat Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Kasım Tevfik Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ali Galip Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hafız Salih Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 634th highest salary of them.
- Ahmed Hamdi Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 440 kuruş
- Ali Saib Beyborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 26 officials born in Niš (Niş), Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 8th highest salary.
- Recep Naciborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 650 kuruş
- İbrahim Naci Beyborn 1858/59 (AH 1275); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mustafa Arif Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 600 kuruş
- İsmail Efendiborn 1857/58 (AH 1274); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0049_0030; 57-58)born 1857/58 (AH 1274); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 120 officials whose first annual entry is for 1876/77 (AH 1293), Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 41st highest salary.
- Zeynelabidin Efendifirst entry in Niš (Niş); highest salary 280 kuruş
- Mehmet Hasbi Efendifirst entry in Vranje (İvranya); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Sait Efendifirst entry in Karadeniz Ereğli; highest salary 650 kuruş
- Mehmet Sami Efendifirst entry in Varna; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendifirst entry in Feres (Ferecik); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (14)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Memur | Niš (Niş) | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Mitrovica (Mitroviça) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Varna | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Neapoli (Nasliç) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Başmemur | Vlorë (Avlonya) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Zavric | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0172; 341 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1276 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | nis | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | tuna | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1292 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1875 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Nis | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 200 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1310 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 14 annual entries of 14 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
- Chief official (Başmemur)
- Vlorë (Avlonya)
- Niš (Niş)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)