Official
Yusuf İstiko Efendi
Chaldean Christian (Keldani). Born in Mosul (Musul) in 1840/41 (AH 1256). On record 1866 to 1900, 18 annual entries.
Archive reference 106_105_207
Life#
Born in Mosul (Musul) in 1840/41 (AH 1256), Yusuf İstiko Efendi came from the Chaldean Christian (Keldani) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). Yusuf İstiko had four years of schooling, at a community school (Millet Mektebi), and wrote English, French and Turkish.
Work began in Mosul in 1863/64, at about 23, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 576 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1866/67, places Yusuf İstiko in Mosul, the birthplace, as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru), where the entries run to 1875/76. The annual lists then follow Yusuf İstiko to Basra, Al-Faw (Fav) and Damascus (Şam) from 1876 to 1899, with a rise to official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti) in 1876/77 and to director of the first grade (1. Müdür) in 1879/80. For 1881 to 1898 the lists have no entry. The last post was in Al-Faw again in 1899/1900.
The salary went from 576 kuruş a month in 1866/67 to 1,500 in 1879/80, the peak, as 1. Müdür in Al-Faw, when 91 per cent of paid officials earned less. The peak lasted a single year; the next list gives 1,200 kuruş. Over 18 years the salaries add up to 196,152 kuruş, 1.6 times what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1899/1900.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1840/41 (AH 1256); First work 1863/64 (AH 1280); 1866 to 1876 (AH 1283 to 1292)
480 to 760 kuruş a month; entries in 10 years
1876 to 1879 (AH 1293 to 1296)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
1,300 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
1898/99 (AH 1316)
No annual entry for 1881 to 1898 (AH 1299 to 1315) before it.
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67 | 576 | 600 | 480 | 1,440 | 46% |
| 1867/68 | 480 | 600 | 480 | 480 | 32% |
| 1868/69 | 480 | 600 | 480 | 440 | 32% |
| 1869/70 | 480 | 600 | 400 | 480 | 34% |
| 1870/71 | 480 | 600 | 400 | 480 | 37% |
| 1871/72 | 760 | 550 | 400 | 465 | 64% |
| 1872/73 | 760 | 550 | 400 | 400 | 64% |
| 1873/74 | 760 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 65% |
| 1874/75 | 760 | 535 | 450 | 425 | 65% |
| 1875/76 | 760 | 530 | 400 | 400 | 67% |
| 1876/77 | 1,300 | 582.5 | 600 | 780 | 87% |
| 1877/78 | 1,300 | 560 | 600 | 800 | 88% |
| 1878 | 1,300 | 600 | 600 | 800 | 86% |
| 1878/79 | 1,300 | 600 | 600 | 1,000 | 86% |
| 1879/80 | 1,500 | 500 | 1,200 | 800 | 91% |
| 1880/81 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 760 | 87% |
| 1898/99 | 1,000 | 500 | 495 | 500 | 90% |
| 1899/1900 | 1,150 | 500 | 500 | 630 | 91% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1863/64AH 1280 | First work | Mosul (Musul) | 576first-salary field |
| 1866 to 1876AH 1283 to 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 576 to 760 |
| 1876 to 1879AH 1293 to 1296 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Basra | 1,300 |
| 1879 to 1881AH 1297 to 1298 | 1. Müdür | Al-Faw (Fav) | 1,500 to 1,200 |
| No annual entry: 1881 to 1898 (AH 1299 to 1315) | |||
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Damascus (Şam) | 1,000 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Al-Faw (Fav) | 1,150 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1840/41 (AH 1256)
- Birthplace
- Mosul (Musul)
- Community
- Chaldean Christian (Keldani)
- Nationality as recorded
- Keldani
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- English
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1863/64 (AH 1280)
- Place
- Mosul (Musul)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 576
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 4 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Mosul (Musul) in the same years, Yusuf İstiko Efendi had the highest salary.
- Mehmet Şerif Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,090 kuruş
- Abdülhamit Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Resul Sıtkı Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 600 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 13 officials with entries in Mosul (Musul) in the same years, Yusuf İstiko Efendi had the 6th highest salary.
- Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,690 kuruş
- Ahmet Şevki Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Resul Sıtkı Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Resit Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
- Abdulhamit Afif Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 518 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Yusuf İstiko Efendi had the 58th highest salary.
- Yusuf Ziya Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Ruhi Bey10 shared years; highest salary 1,600 kuruş
- Hacı İsmail Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,560 kuruş
- Mehmet Pertev Bey10 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Nikola Yunani Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Yusuf İstiko Efendi had the 4th highest salary.
- Yakup Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Aleksan Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Rifat Antuvan Efendiborn 1842/43 (AH 1258); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Kostantin De Martin Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- David Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 600 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 22 officials born in Mosul (Musul), Yusuf İstiko Efendi had the 3rd highest salary.
- Mehmet İzzet Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Fuat Paşaborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Bezui Toma Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Süleyman Doryan Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Abdülhamit Efendiborn 1850/51 (AH 1267); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 46 officials whose first annual entry is for 1866/67 (AH 1283), Yusuf İstiko Efendi had the 12th highest salary.
- İskender Efendifirst entry in Lubnan; highest salary 2,350 kuruş
- Hacı Ahmet Behçet Efendifirst entry in Sjenica (Seniçe); highest salary 1,150 kuruş
- İbrahim Efendifirst entry in Silivri; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Mazhar Efendifirst entry in Aleppo (Halep); highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Mustafa Zihni Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 990 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (18)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 576 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Mosul (Musul) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Basra | 1,300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Basra | 1,300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Basra | 1,300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Basra | 1,300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | 1. Müdür | Al-Faw (Fav) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | 1. Müdür | Al-Faw (Fav) | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Damascus (Şam) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Al-Faw (Fav) | 1,150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_105_207 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Yusuf İstiko Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1256 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Keldani | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Keldani | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1280 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1863 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 576 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 14 annual entries of 18 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Yusuf İstiko Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Mosul (Musul)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Chaldean Christian (Keldani)
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)