Official
Rifat Antuvan Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Aleppo (Halep) in 1842/43 (AH 1258). On record 1867 to 1899, 33 annual entries.
Archive reference 102_59_113
Life#
Born in Aleppo (Halep) in 1842/43 (AH 1258), Rifat Antuvan Efendi came from the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community. Rifat Antuvan had four years of schooling, at a community school (Millet Mektebi). In all Rifat Antuvan knew four languages, Arabic, French, Italian and Turkish, all in writing; fewer than 5 per cent of the 5,211 officials knew as many.
Work began in Deyrulkamer in 1865/66, at about 23, with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 350 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1867/68, with Rifat Antuvan as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Bikfaya (Bekfiya). Rifat Antuvan then moved to Jableh (Cebele) and Zahlé (Zahle) from 1868 to 1872, then Beirut (Beyrut) from 1872 to 1884. Next came a return to Zahlé from 1884 to 1898, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür). The last post was in Beirut again in 1898/99.
Pay rose from 350 kuruş a month in 1867/68 to a peak of 600 in 1876/77, as Muhabere Memuru in Beirut, when half the paid officials earned less. Over 33 years the salaries add up to 209,400 kuruş, about what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1898/99.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Not on the map, as no position is recorded: stop 2 (Deyrulkamer).
Born 1842/43 (AH 1258)
Deyrulkamer not on the map
First work 1865/66 (AH 1282)
1869 to 1872 (AH 1286 to 1288)
330 to 350 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1872 to 1884 (AH 1289 to 1301)
500 to 600 kuruş a month; entries in 13 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1867/68 | 350 | 600 | 480 | 13% |
| 1868/69 | 350 | 600 | 480 | 14% |
| 1869/70 | 350 | 600 | 400 | 16% |
| 1870/71 | 350 | 600 | 400 | 17% |
| 1871/72 | 330 | 550 | 400 | 17% |
| 1872/73 | 500 | 550 | 400 | 44% |
| 1873/74 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 44% |
| 1874/75 | 500 | 535 | 450 | 41% |
| 1875/76 | 500 | 530 | 400 | 41% |
| 1876/77 | 600 | 582.5 | 410 | 50% |
| 1877/78 | 600 | 560 | 410 | 50% |
| 1878 | 600 | 600 | 500 | 46% |
| 1878/79 | 600 | 600 | 420 | 47% |
| 1879/80 | 500 | 500 | 380 | 47% |
| 1880/81 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 47% |
| 1881/82 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 46% |
| 1882/83 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 43% |
| 1883/84 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 43% |
| 1884/85 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1885/86 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1886/87 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1887/88 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1888/89 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1889/90 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1890/91 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1891/92 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1892/93 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1893/94 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 60% |
| 1894/95 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 60% |
| 1895/96 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1896/97 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 61% |
| 1897/98 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 61% |
| 1898/99 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 61% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1865/66AH 1282 | First work | Deyrulkamer | 350first-salary field |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Bikfaya (Bekfiya) | 350 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhabere Memuru | Jableh (Cebele) | 350 |
| 1869 to 1872AH 1286 to 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Zahlé (Zahle) | 350 to 330 |
| 1872 to 1884AH 1289 to 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 |
| 1884 to 1898AH 1302 to 1315 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 to 540 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Başmuhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 540 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1842/43 (AH 1258)
- Birthplace
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Italian
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1865/66 (AH 1282)
- Place
- Deyrulkamer
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 350
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 80 officials with entries in Beirut (Beyrut) in the same years, Rifat Antuvan Efendi had the 44th highest salary.
- Rodrigez Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 720 kuruş
- Esat Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Kamil Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Kamil Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 760 kuruş
- Abdülmecit Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 956 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Rifat Antuvan Efendi had the 565th highest salary.
- Süleyman Reşid Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Pertev Bey18 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Nikola Yunani Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Şarl Laze Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Kirkor Kakmaciyan Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Rifat Antuvan Efendi had the 89th highest salary.
- Aleksan Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 800 kuruş
- David Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Yakup Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Yusuf İstiko Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Osekhan Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 200 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 67 officials born in Aleppo (Halep), Rifat Antuvan Efendi had the 21st highest salary.
- Emil Efendiborn 1842/43 (AH 1258); highest salary 2,750 kuruş
- Fetullah Nuri Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Vahit Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 810 kuruş
- Mehmet Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 1,800 kuruş
- Hacı Mahmut Rifat Efendiborn 1832/33 (AH 1248); highest salary 3,000 kuruş
The page of Aleppo (Halep), with the 67 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 73 officials whose first annual entry is for 1867/68 (AH 1284), Rifat Antuvan Efendi had the 58th highest salary.
- Abdülkadir Efendifirst entry in Sofia (Sofya); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mehmet Şerif Efendifirst entry in Larissa (Yenişehir-i Fener); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mikail Makakyan Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Muftuzade Mehmet Hilmi Efendifirst entry in Aleppo (Halep); highest salary 10,000 kuruş
- Nuri Efendifirst entry in Karnobat (Karinabad); highest salary 600 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (33)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Bikfaya (Bekfiya) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhabere Memuru | Jableh (Cebele) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Muhabere Memuru | Zahlé (Zahle) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhabere Memuru | Zahlé (Zahle) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Zahlé (Zahle) | 330 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | 3. Müdür | Zahlé (Zahle) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Başmuhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_59_113 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Rifat Antuvan Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1258 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | halep | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | halep | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1282 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1865 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Deyrulkamer | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 350 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 30 annual entries of 33 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Rifat Antuvan Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Zahlé (Zahle)
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)