Official
Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1873/74 (AH 1290). On record 1892 to 1907, 15 annual entries.
Archive reference 53_0245; 487
Life#
Tevfik Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1873/74 (AH 1290) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi).
At about 15, in 1887/88, Tevfik began work in Istanbul, with five unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 50 kuruş. From the first annual entry, for 1892/93, to 1906/07, every annual entry places Tevfik in the same office, accounts office (Muhasebe Kalemi), in Istanbul, the birthplace.
Pay rose from 50 kuruş a month in 1892/93 to a peak of 350 in 1904/05, in the Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul, when one in three paid officials earned less. Over 15 years the salaries add up to 34,560 kuruş, 39 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned. The last annual entry is for 1906/07.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892/93 | 50 | 500 | 182.5 | 0% |
| 1893/94 | 50 | 500 | 200 | 0% |
| 1894/95 | 90 | 500 | 250 | 3% |
| 1895/96 | 90 | 500 | 250 | 2% |
| 1896/97 | 100 | 500 | 245 | 2% |
| 1897/98 | 125 | 500 | 275 | 5% |
| 1898/99 | 125 | 500 | 262.5 | 5% |
| 1899/1900 | 175 | 500 | 300 | 7% |
| 1900/01 | 250 | 500 | 300 | 13% |
| 1901/02 | 250 | 500 | 340 | 14% |
| 1902/03 | 250 | 500 | 350 | 15% |
| 1903/04 | 275 | 475 | 350 | 21% |
| 1904/05 | 350 | 450 | 375 | 32% |
| 1905/06 | 350 | 475 | 400 | 32% |
| 1906/07 | 350 | 450 | 400 | 36% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1887/88AH 1305 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 50first-salary field |
| 1892 to 1907AH 1310 to 1324 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 50 to 350 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1873/74 (AH 1290)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 5 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1887/88 (AH 1305)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 50
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 1,180 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Tevfik Efendi had the 804th highest salary.
- Suleyman Resat Bey15 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey15 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Asaf Bey15 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Dikran Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 149 officials with the title Muhasebe Kalemi in the same years, Tevfik Efendi had the 106th highest salary.
- İbrahim Feridun Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 570 kuruş
- Ahmed Talat Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Hüseyin Mecid Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Hüseyin Rıza Efendi14 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Refet Efendi14 shared years; highest salary 1,480 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Tevfik Efendi had the 2,129th highest salary of them.
- Abbas Rüştü Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Abdülaziz Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdülbaki Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülkerim Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 675 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 720 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Tevfik Efendi had the 1,378th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Zühdü Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülvahap Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdürrahim Haşim Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Ahmet Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 100 kuruş
- Ahmet Fuat Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 800 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 189 officials whose first annual entry is for 1892/93 (AH 1310), Tevfik Efendi had the 151st highest salary.
- Ahmet Mahmut Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Hafız İbrahim Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 250 kuruş
- Hafız İsmail Hakkı Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 470 kuruş
- Hafız Mehmet Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 410 kuruş
- Hüseyin Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 400 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (15)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 50 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 50 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 90 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 90 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 125 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 125 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 175 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 275 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 53_0245; 487 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1290 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 5 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1305 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1888 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 50 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 14 annual entries of 15 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Tevfik Efendi
- Accounts office (Muhasebe Kalemi)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)