Official
Mehmet Nuri Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Plovdiv (Filibe) in 1844/45 (AH 1260). On record 1866 to 1907, 38 annual entries.
Archive reference 27_153; 303
Life#
Born in Plovdiv (Filibe) in 1844/45 (AH 1260), Mehmet Nuri Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was an army captain (yüzbaşı). Work began in Pristina (Priştine) in 1863/64, at about 19, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 480 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1866/67, with Mehmet Nuri as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Sjenica (Seniçe). Mehmet Nuri then moved to Pristina in 1867/68 and Peja in 1868/69, then back to Sjenica from 1869 to 1871. The annual lists then follow Mehmet Nuri to four places in five years, then Preveza (Preveze) from 1878 to 1883. Next came six places in 20 years, with a rise to director of the second grade (2. Müdür) in 1899/1900. The last posts were in Istanbul from 1905 to 1907. In all, 15 places on two continents, a number reached by only 17 of the 5,200 officials with a place of service. Entries spanning 42 years are rare, reached by fewer than 3 per cent of the 5,211 officials.
Pay rose from 480 kuruş a month in 1866/67 to a peak of 1,000 in 1869/70, as 2. Müdür in Sjenica, when 71 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1844/45 (AH 1260)
First work 1863/64 (AH 1280)
1873/74 (AH 1290)
No annual entry for 1871 to 1873 (AH 1288 to 1289) before it.
855 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1884/85 (AH 1302)
No annual entry for 1883/84 (AH 1301) before it.
500 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1905 to 1907 (AH 1323 to 1324)
No annual entry for 1904/05 (AH 1322) before it.
700 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67 | 480 | 600 | 480 | 29% |
| 1867/68 | 560 | 600 | 480 | 45% |
| 1868/69 | 800 | 600 | 1,000 | 61% |
| 1869/70 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 71% |
| 1870/71 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 72% |
| 1873/74 | 855 | 500 | 830 | 75% |
| 1874/75 | 760 | 535 | 800 | 65% |
| 1875/76 | 760 | 530 | 850 | 67% |
| 1876/77 | 800 | 582.5 | 800 | 67% |
| 1877/78 | 800 | 560 | 800 | 68% |
| 1878 | 800 | 600 | 800 | 65% |
| 1878/79 | 800 | 600 | 800 | 66% |
| 1879/80 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 61% |
| 1880/81 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 60% |
| 1881/82 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 60% |
| 1882/83 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1884/85 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
| 1885/86 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1886/87 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1887/88 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1888/89 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1889/90 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 78% |
| 1890/91 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 79% |
| 1891/92 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 79% |
| 1892/93 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 80% |
| 1893/94 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 80% |
| 1894/95 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 81% |
| 1895/96 | 675 | 500 | 281 | 73% |
| 1896/97 | 600 | 500 | 300 | 73% |
| 1897/98 | 600 | 500 | 300 | 73% |
| 1898/99 | 650 | 500 | 362.5 | 76% |
| 1899/1900 | 800 | 500 | 783 | 83% |
| 1900/01 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 81% |
| 1901/02 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 81% |
| 1902/03 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 81% |
| 1903/04 | 800 | 475 | 800 | 80% |
| 1905/06 | 700 | 475 | 1,100 | 73% |
| 1906/07 | 700 | 450 | 1,100 | 72% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1863/64AH 1280 | First work | Pristina (Priştine) | 480first-salary field |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Muhabere Memuru | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 480 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Pristina (Priştine) | 560 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | 2. Müdür | Peja (İpek) | 800 |
| 1869 to 1871AH 1286 to 1287 | 2. Müdür | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 |
| No annual entry: 1871 to 1873 (AH 1288 to 1289) | |||
| 1873/74AH 1290 | 2. Müdür | Livno (İhlivne) | 855 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | 2. Müdür | Štip (İştip) | 760 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | 2. Müdür | Berat | 760 |
| 1876 to 1878AH 1293 to 1294 | 2. Müdür | Trikala (Tırhala) | 800 |
| 1878 to 1879AH 1295 to 1296 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 800 |
| 1879 to 1883AH 1297 to 1300 | 3. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 600 |
| No annual entry: 1883/84 (AH 1301) | |||
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Mersule Memuru | Galata | 500 |
| 1885 to 1888AH 1303 to 1305 | 2. Müdür | Gördes | 800 |
| 1888 to 1891AH 1306 to 1308 | 2. Müdür | Muğla | 800 |
| 1891 to 1895AH 1309 to 1312 | 2. Müdür | Tire | 800 |
| 1895 to 1899AH 1313 to 1316 | Memur | Aydın | 675 to 650 |
| 1899 to 1904AH 1317 to 1321 | 2. Müdür | Saruhan | 800 |
| No annual entry: 1904/05 (AH 1322) | |||
| 1905 to 1907AH 1323 to 1324 | Mümeyyiz | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 700 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1844/45 (AH 1260)
- Birthplace
- Plovdiv (Filibe)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Yuzbasi
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Greek (Rum)
- Asinafamiliarity. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1863/64 (AH 1280)
- Place
- Pristina (Priştine)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 480
Legal records
- Legal record note as worded
- Devamsızlık/ Seniçe Telgraf Müdüriyeti'ne infisali istihsal eylediği bir mah müddet-i mezuniyeti münkaziyeolduğu halde memuriyeti başına avdet eylememesinden naşidir.; Hırsızlık / Mumaileyhin merkezlerin havalenâme akçasından görülen on bin sekiz yüz yirmi sekiz kuruş yirmi yedi para ile hasılattan çıkarılan fark beş kuruş on para noksandan dolayı bin üç yüz yirmi iki senesi Cemaziyelahirinin on sekizinde 17 Ağustos 1320 eli işten çekdirilmiş ise de noksan-ı mezkur meşagil-i kesire ilcasıyla sehven vaki olduğu ve meblağ-ı mezburu kable'l-muhakeme tamamen tediye ederek kayıtları kapandığı cihetle sene-i merkume Şevvalinin onunda 5 Kânunuevvel sene 1320 iade-i memuriyet edip üç yüz yirmi üç senesi Ramazanının yirmi dördünde 9 Teşrinisani sene 1321 yedi yüz kuruş maaş ve becayiş suretiyle vilayet-i müşarunileyha Telgraf ve Posta BaşMüdüriyeti Kalem Odası mübeyyizliğine; Devamsızlık; Zimmet
- Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records
- 1323; 1324
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 8 officials with entries in Preveza (Preveze) in the same years, Mehmet Nuri Efendi had the 3rd highest salary.
- Hasan Hüsnü Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Frederik Danderya Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Rıfat Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mustafa Musli Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 443 officials with the title 2. Müdür in the same years, Mehmet Nuri Efendi had the 194th highest salary.
- Hüseyin Rüştü Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Nakip Efendi23 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi21 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Mustafa Sıdkı Efendi21 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Salih Sabri Efendi21 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Nuri Efendi had the 194th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Nuri Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ali Şefik Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Bekir Şevki Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 550 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 43 officials born in Plovdiv (Filibe), 41 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Nuri Efendi had the 7th highest salary of them.
- Hayreti Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Cavit Beyborn 1839/40 (AH 1255); highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Hasan Tahsin Efendiborn 1849/50 (AH 1266); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Hüseyin Rasim Beyborn 1849/50 (AH 1266); highest salary 950 kuruş
- Mühtedi Ali Behçet Efendiborn 1849/50 (AH 1266); highest salary 400 kuruş
The page of Plovdiv (Filibe), with the 43 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 46 officials whose first annual entry is for 1866/67 (AH 1283), Mehmet Nuri Efendi had the 21st highest salary.
- Hacı Ahmet Behçet Efendifirst entry in Sjenica (Seniçe); highest salary 1,150 kuruş
- Şemsettin Efendifirst entry in Burgas (Burgaz); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Abdülaziz Efendifirst entry in Lubnan; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Bilal Efendifirst entry in Beirut (Beyrut); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Hasan Hüsnü Efendifirst entry in Tuzla; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (38)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Muhabere Memuru | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Pristina (Priştine) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | 2. Müdür | Peja (İpek) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | 2. Müdür | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | 2. Müdür | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | 2. Müdür | Livno (İhlivne) | 855 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | 2. Müdür | Štip (İştip) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | 2. Müdür | Berat | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | 2. Müdür | Trikala (Tırhala) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | 2. Müdür | Trikala (Tırhala) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1878AH 1295 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | 3. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | 3. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | 3. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | 3. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Mersule Memuru | Galata | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 2. Müdür | Gördes | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 2. Müdür | Gördes | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 2. Müdür | Gördes | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 2. Müdür | Muğla | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 2. Müdür | Muğla | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 2. Müdür | Muğla | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Tire | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 2. Müdür | Tire | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 2. Müdür | Tire | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 2. Müdür | Tire | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Memur | Aydın | 675 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Memur | Aydın | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Memur | Aydın | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Memur | Aydın | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | 2. Müdür | Saruhan | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | 2. Müdür | Saruhan | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 2. Müdür | Saruhan | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | 2. Müdür | Saruhan | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | 2. Müdür | Saruhan | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Mümeyyiz | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Mümeyyiz | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 27_153; 303 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (19)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Nuri Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1260 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | filibe | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | rumeli sarki | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | yuzbasi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1280 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1863 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Pristine | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 480 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Legal records | ||
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlık/ Seniçe Telgraf Müdüriyeti'ne infisali istihsal eylediği bir mah müddet-i mezuniyeti münkaziyeolduğu halde memuriyeti başına avdet eylememesinden naşidir. used on this page | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Hırsızlık / Mumaileyhin merkezlerin havalenâme akçasından görülen on bin sekiz yüz yirmi sekiz kuruş yirmi yedi para ile hasılattan çıkarılan fark beş kuruş on para noksandan dolayı bin üç yüz yirmi iki senesi Cemaziyelahirinin on sekizinde 17 Ağustos 1320 eli işten çekdirilmiş ise de noksan-ı mezkur meşagil-i kesire ilcasıyla sehven vaki olduğu ve meblağ-ı mezburu kable'l-muhakeme tamamen tediye ederek kayıtları kapandığı cihetle sene-i merkume Şevvalinin onunda 5 Kânunuevvel sene 1320 iade-i memuriyet edip üç yüz yirmi üç senesi Ramazanının yirmi dördünde 9 Teşrinisani sene 1321 yedi yüz kuruş maaş ve becayiş suretiyle vilayet-i müşarunileyha Telgraf ve Posta BaşMüdüriyeti Kalem Odası mübeyyizliğine other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlık other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Zimmet other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records | 1323; 1324 | Later annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Legal notes (earlier workbook copy)
- A workbook of notes on legal records. The wording is kept as written. It may hold an accusation or an acquittal, it is not the finding of a court, and its year is the year of the record, not the date of an event.
- Legal notes (later workbook copy)
- A later copy of the workbook of notes on legal records. The same wording in both copies is one note, not two.
- Later annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2025. It marks single annual entries with a criminal-record flag and holds status words such as Vefat. For a death, the year is the year of the annual list in which the status word stands.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 33 annual entries of 38 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mehmet Nuri Efendi
- Director of the second grade (2. Müdür)
- Preveza (Preveze)
- Plovdiv (Filibe)
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)