Official
İskender Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Batumi (Batum) in 1873/74 (AH 1290). On record 1898 to 1907, 9 annual entries.
Archive reference 106_107_211
Life#
İskender Efendi was born in Batumi (Batum) in 1873/74 (AH 1290), into the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi); İskender also held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
Work began in Refahiye in 1896/97, at about 23, with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 300 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1898/99, with İskender as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Pasinler (Hasankale). Next came Erzurum and Pasinler from 1900 to 1905. The last post was in Pasinler again in 1906/07, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür).
The salary went from 300 kuruş a month in 1898/99 to 540 in 1906/07, the peak, as 3. Müdür in Pasinler, when 61 per cent of paid officials earned less. The last annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Not on the map, as no position is recorded: birthplace Batumi (Batum).
First work 1896/97 (AH 1314)
1898 to 1900 (AH 1316 to 1317)
300 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1898/99 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1899/1900 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1900/01 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 27% |
| 1901/02 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 32% |
| 1902/03 | 400 | 500 | 380 | 33% |
| 1903/04 | 400 | 475 | 350 | 36% |
| 1904/05 | 400 | 450 | 350 | 38% |
| 1905/06 | 500 | 475 | 330 | 50% |
| 1906/07 | 540 | 450 | 540 | 61% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97AH 1314 | First work | Refahiye | 300first-salary field |
| 1898 to 1900AH 1316 to 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 300 |
| 1900 to 1904AH 1318 to 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 380 to 400 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 400 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 500 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | 3. Müdür | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 540 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1873/74 (AH 1290)
- Birthplace
- Batumi (Batum)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1896/97 (AH 1314)
- Place
- Refahiye
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 300
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 46 officials with entries in Erzurum in the same years, İskender Efendi had the 22nd highest salary.
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Hafiz Hasan Husnu Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Bican Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 450 kuruş
- Mehmet Şakir Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 2,700 kuruş
- İbrahim Ethem Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,060 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 1,576 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, İskender Efendi had the 482nd highest salary.
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey8 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Mustafa Fazıl Bey8 shared years; highest salary 1,700 kuruş
- Mehmet Sadullah Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Mehmet Asım Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,550 kuruş
- Mehmet Hurşit Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; İskender Efendi had the 1,157th highest salary of them.
- Abbas Rüştü Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Abdülaziz Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdülbaki Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülkerim Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 675 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 720 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 5 officials born in Batumi (Batum), İskender Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Yusuf Ziya Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 550 kuruş
- Osman Nuri Efendiborn 1875/76 (AH 1292); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet Cemal Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 100 kuruş
- İhsan Efendiborn 1888/89 (AH 1306); highest salary 150 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 93 officials whose first annual entry is for 1898/99 (AH 1316), 92 have a recorded salary; İskender Efendi had the 13th highest salary of them.
- Abdülaziz Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 450 kuruş
- Mehmet Cemal Efendifirst entry in Sivas; highest salary 380 kuruş
- Mehmet Fuat Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mehmet Ruhi Efendifirst entry in İzmit; highest salary 350 kuruş
- Mehmet Said Efendifirst entry in Baghdad (Bağdat); highest salary 300 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (9)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | 3. Müdür | Pasinler (Hasankale) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_107_211 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | İskender Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1290 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | batum | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | batum | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1314 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1896 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Refahiye | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 8 annual entries of 9 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- İskender Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Erzurum
- Batumi (Batum)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)