Official
Cemal Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1873/74 (AH 1290). On record 1888 to 1907, 19 annual entries.
Archive reference 0062_0046; 89
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1873/74 (AH 1290), Cemal Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). Cemal had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi), and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
At about 10, in 1882/83, Cemal began work in Istanbul, with six unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. Of the 5,128 officials whose age at first work is known, 33 started at 10 or younger. The first annual entry, for 1888/89, places Cemal in Karaburun as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). From 1890 to 1907 every annual entry places Cemal in Istanbul, the birthplace.
The salary went from 400 kuruş a month in 1888/89 to 480 in 1906/07, the peak, as Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul, when half the paid officials earned less. The last annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1873/74 (AH 1290); First work 1882/83 (AH 1300)
1890 to 1907 (AH 1308 to 1324)
250 to 480 kuruş a month; entries in 17 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1888/89 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 27% |
| 1889/90 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 27% |
| 1890/91 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 10% |
| 1891/92 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 12% |
| 1892/93 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 13% |
| 1893/94 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 480 | 13% |
| 1894/95 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 450 | 17% |
| 1895/96 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 440 | 17% |
| 1896/97 | 340 | 500 | 400 | 425 | 26% |
| 1897/98 | 370 | 500 | 400 | 425 | 28% |
| 1898/99 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 440 | 44% |
| 1899/1900 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 450 | 43% |
| 1900/01 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 450 | 43% |
| 1901/02 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 440 | 45% |
| 1902/03 | 450 | 500 | 380 | 450 | 46% |
| 1903/04 | 450 | 475 | 350 | 450 | 47% |
| 1904/05 | 450 | 450 | 350 | 450 | 48% |
| 1905/06 | 460 | 475 | 330 | 425 | 49% |
| 1906/07 | 480 | 450 | 300 | 470 | 50% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1882/83AH 1300 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400first-salary field |
| 1888 to 1890AH 1306 to 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Karaburun | 400 |
| 1890 to 1907AH 1308 to 1324 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 to 480 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1873/74 (AH 1290)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 6 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1882/83 (AH 1300)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 261 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul in the same years, Cemal Efendi had the 127th highest salary.
- Mehmet Sadullah Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Mustafa Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Hafız Nuri Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 970 kuruş
- Hasan Nazmi Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 670 kuruş
- Eyüp Ragıp Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 1,239 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Cemal Efendi had the 713th highest salary.
- Suleyman Resat Bey17 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey17 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Asaf Bey17 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Dikran Efendi17 shared years; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 2,387 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Cemal Efendi had the 1,385th highest salary.
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey19 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Mehmet Sadullah Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Nikola Yunani Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Mustafa Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mehmet Tahsin Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Cemal Efendi had the 1,623rd highest salary of them.
- Abbas Rüştü Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Abdülaziz Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdülbaki Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülkerim Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 675 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 720 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Cemal Efendi had the 1,136th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Zühdü Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülvahap Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdürrahim Haşim Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Ahmet Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 100 kuruş
- Ahmet Fuat Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 800 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 114 officials whose first annual entry is for 1888/89 (AH 1306), 113 have a recorded salary; Cemal Efendi had the 82nd highest salary of them.
- Abdurrahman Halis Efendifirst entry in Sivas; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Ethem Muzaffer Efendifirst entry in Kıyıköy (Midye); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Rıfat Efendifirst entry in Ünye; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Salih Efendifirst entry in Kirkuk (Kerkük); highest salary 380 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (19)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Karaburun | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Karaburun | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 340 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 370 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 460 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0046; 89 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Cemal Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1290 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 6 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1883 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 18 annual entries of 19 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Cemal Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Karaburun
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)