Official
Marko Efendi
Latin Catholic (Latin). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1873/74 (AH 1290). On record 1900 to 1906, 6 annual entries.
Archive reference 118-96-187
Life#
Marko Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1873/74 (AH 1290) into the Latin Catholic (Latin) community. Schooling took four years, at a community school (Millet Mektebi). In all Marko knew four languages, French, Greek (Rum), Italian and Turkish, all in writing; fewer than 5 per cent of the 5,211 officials knew as many.
Marko began work in Aydın in 1900/01, at about 27, paid from the start, on 300 kuruş a month. Every annual entry from 1900/01 to 1905/06 places Marko in Aydın, first as a travelling postal official (Seyyar Memur), from 1901/02 as a letters official (Mekâtib Memuru).
Pay rose from 300 kuruş a month in 1900/01 to a peak of 450 in 1901/02, as Mekâtib Memuru in Aydın, when 45 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1905/06.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1873/74 (AH 1290)
First work 1900/01 (AH 1318); 1900 to 1906 (AH 1318 to 1323)
Seyyar Memur 1900/01 (AH 1318); Mekâtib Memuru 1901 to 1906 (AH 1319 to 1323)
300 to 450 kuruş a month; entries in 6 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900/01 | 300 | 500 | 600 | 18% |
| 1901/02 | 450 | 500 | 300 | 45% |
| 1902/03 | 450 | 500 | 235 | 46% |
| 1903/04 | 450 | 475 | 275 | 47% |
| 1904/05 | 450 | 450 | 295 | 48% |
| 1905/06 | 450 | 475 | 300 | 47% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900/01AH 1318 | First work | Aydın | 300first-salary field |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Seyyar Memur | Aydın | 300 |
| 1901 to 1906AH 1319 to 1323 | Mekâtib Memuru | Aydın | 450 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1873/74 (AH 1290)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Latin Catholic (Latin)
- Nationality as recorded
- Latin
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Italian
- Kitabetwriting
- Greek (Rum)
- Kitabetwriting. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1900/01 (AH 1318)
- Place
- Aydın
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 300
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 37 officials with entries in Aydın in the same years, Marko Efendi had the 31st highest salary.
- Antas Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
- Mehmed Niyazi Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 585 kuruş
- Mehmet Emin Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 445 kuruş
- İbrahim Ethem Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Esad Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 52 officials with the title Mekâtib Memuru in the same years, Marko Efendi had the 16th highest salary.
- Ahmet Halit Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 720 kuruş
- İbrahim Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- İsmail Hakkı Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ömer Şükrü Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Salih Kemal Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Marko Efendi had the 156th highest salary.
- Dikran Papazyan Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Dikran Vartanyan Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Dimtoni Vasilyadis Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 250 kuruş
- Hanna Afif Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 500 kuruş
- İsak Behor Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Marko Efendi had the 1,155th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Zühdü Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülvahap Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdürrahim Haşim Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Ahmet Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 100 kuruş
- Ahmet Fuat Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 800 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 140 officials whose first annual entry is for 1900/01 (AH 1318), 139 have a recorded salary; Marko Efendi had the 49th highest salary of them.
- Abdülbaki Efendifirst entry in Bitlis; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Fehmi Efendifirst entry in Serres (Siroz); highest salary 350 kuruş
- Hüseyin Avni Efendi.first entry in Kofçaz; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mehmet Asim Efendifirst entry in Devebagirtan; highest salary 200 kuruş
- Mehmet Haşim Efendifirst entry in Beirut (Beyrut); highest salary 380 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (6)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Seyyar Memur | Aydın | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 118-96-187 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Mekâtib Memuru | Aydın | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 118-96-187 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Mekâtib Memuru | Aydın | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 118-96-187 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Mekâtib Memuru | Aydın | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 118-96-187 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Mekâtib Memuru | Aydın | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 118-96-187 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Mekâtib Memuru | Aydın | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 118-96-187 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Marko Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1290 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Latin | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1318 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1900 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Aydin | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 6 annual entries of 6 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Marko Efendi
- Letters official (Mekâtib Memuru)
- Aydın
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Latin Catholic (Latin)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)