Official
Rüşdü Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Crete (Girit) in 1847/48 (AH 1264). On record 1870 to 1885, 16 annual entries.
Archive reference 54_178; 353
Life#
Born in Crete (Girit) in 1847/48 (AH 1264), Rüşdü Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was an army captain (yüzbaşı). Schooling took four years, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi); Rüşdü also wrote Turkish and spoke Bulgarian and Greek (Rum).
At about 19, in 1867/68, Rüşdü began work in Bitola (Manastır), with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 100 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1870/71, places Rüşdü in Bitola as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru), where the entries run to 1879/80. Next came Skopje in 1880/81. The last posts were in Petrich (Petriç) from 1881 to 1885.
Pay rose from 100 kuruş a month in 1870/71 to a peak of 500 in 1880/81, as Muhabere Memuru in Skopje, when 47 per cent of paid officials earned less. In all, 16 years of salary come to 70,500 kuruş, 68 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The last annual entry is for 1884/85.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1847/48 (AH 1264)
First work 1867/68 (AH 1284); 1870 to 1880 (AH 1287 to 1297)
95 to 400 kuruş a month; entries in 11 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1870/71 | 100 | 600 | 400 | 400 | 0% |
| 1871/72 | 95 | 550 | 400 | 380 | 0% |
| 1872/73 | 300 | 550 | 400 | 380 | 11% |
| 1873/74 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 600 | 12% |
| 1874/75 | 300 | 535 | 450 | 450 | 13% |
| 1875/76 | 300 | 530 | 400 | 400 | 12% |
| 1876/77 | 400 | 582.5 | 410 | 400 | 17% |
| 1877/78 | 400 | 560 | 410 | 500 | 16% |
| 1878 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 17% |
| 1878/79 | 400 | 600 | 420 | 400 | 18% |
| 1879/80 | 380 | 500 | 380 | 500 | 22% |
| 1880/81 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 47% |
| 1881/82 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 46% |
| 1882/83 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 43% |
| 1883/84 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 462.5 | 43% |
| 1884/85 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 42% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1867/68AH 1284 | First work | Bitola (Manastır) | 100first-salary field |
| 1870 to 1880AH 1287 to 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 100 to 380 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Skopje (Üsküp) | 500 |
| 1881 to 1885AH 1299 to 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Petrich (Petriç) | 500 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1847/48 (AH 1264)
- Birthplace
- Crete (Girit)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Yuzbasi
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Bulgarian
- Tekellumspeaking
- Greek (Rum)
- Tekellumspeaking. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1867/68 (AH 1284)
- Place
- Bitola (Manastır)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 100
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 20 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Bitola (Manastır) in the same years, Rüşdü Efendi had the 18th highest salary.
- İsmail Rahmi Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Süleyman Sabri Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Berdos [Bedros] Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- İbrahim Hilmi Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hüseyin Remzi Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 33 officials with entries in Bitola (Manastır) in the same years, Rüşdü Efendi had the 30th highest salary.
- Ahmet Niyazi Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Aristidi Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Süleyman Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- İsmail Hakki Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Yusuf Agâh Bey4 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 951 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Rüşdü Efendi had the 751st highest salary.
- Süleyman Reşid Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Unnamed official (26_188; 371)16 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Pertev Bey16 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Tahir Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Nikola Yunani Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Rüşdü Efendi had the 511th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Vehbi Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Şakir Beyborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Afif Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Ahmet Nazif Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 950 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 15 officials born in Crete (Girit), Rüşdü Efendi had the 9th highest salary.
- Huseyin Husnu Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- İbrahim Vahi Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Mehmet Rüştü Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 950 kuruş
- Ahmet Refik Efendiborn 1863/64 (AH 1280); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mustafa Behçet Efendiborn 1864/65 (AH 1281); highest salary 540 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 66 officials whose first annual entry is for 1870/71 (AH 1287), Rüşdü Efendi had the 61st highest salary.
- Aristidi Efendifirst entry in Bitola (Manastır); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ali Beyfirst entry in Bitola (Manastır); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- İsmail Rahmi Efendifirst entry in Bitola (Manastır); highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Afif Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendifirst entry in Üsküdar; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
All 66 officials whose first annual entry is for 1870/71 (AH 1287)
Full record
Annual entries (16)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Bitola (Manastır) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Skopje (Üsküp) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Petrich (Petriç) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Petrich (Petriç) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Petrich (Petriç) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Petrich (Petriç) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 54_178; 353 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Rüşdü Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1264 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | girit | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | girit | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | yuzbasi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1284 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1867 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Manastir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 100 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 16 annual entries of 16 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Rüşdü Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Bitola (Manastır)
- Crete (Girit)
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)