Official
Fuat Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1872/73 (AH 1289). On record 1892 to 1906, 13 annual entries.
Archive reference 0062_0078; 153
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1872/73 (AH 1289) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community, Fuat Efendi was the child of a telegraph official (telgraf memuru). Fuat had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi).
Work began in Istanbul in 1889/90, at about 17, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 200 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1892/93, with Fuat as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Beykoz, where the entries run to 1894/95. Next came a return to Istanbul, the birthplace, from 1895 to 1899. The last posts were in Gaziantep (Antep) and Şanlıurfa (Urfa) from 1899 to 1903 and Istanbul again from 1904 to 1906.
Pay rose from 200 kuruş a month in 1892/93 to a peak of 440 in 1899/1900, as Muhabere Memuru in Gaziantep, when 43 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over 13 years the salaries add up to 46,200 kuruş, 59 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1905/06.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1872/73 (AH 1289); First work 1889/90 (AH 1307)
1895 to 1899 (AH 1313 to 1316)
250 to 285 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
1904 to 1906 (AH 1322 to 1323)
No annual entry for 1903/04 (AH 1321) before it.
250 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892/93 | 200 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 9% |
| 1893/94 | 200 | 500 | 400 | 480 | 9% |
| 1894/95 | 200 | 500 | 400 | 450 | 9% |
| 1895/96 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 440 | 13% |
| 1896/97 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 425 | 13% |
| 1897/98 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 425 | 18% |
| 1898/99 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 440 | 18% |
| 1899/1900 | 440 | 500 | 400 | 487.5 | 43% |
| 1900/01 | 440 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 43% |
| 1901/02 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 400 | 32% |
| 1902/03 | 400 | 500 | 380 | 400 | 33% |
| 1904/05 | 250 | 450 | 350 | 450 | 14% |
| 1905/06 | 250 | 475 | 330 | 425 | 14% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1889/90AH 1307 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 200first-salary field |
| 1892 to 1895AH 1310 to 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Beykoz | 200 |
| 1895 to 1899AH 1313 to 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 to 285 |
| 1899 to 1901AH 1317 to 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Gaziantep (Antep) | 440 |
| 1901 to 1903AH 1319 to 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Şanlıurfa (Urfa) | 400 |
| No annual entry: 1903/04 (AH 1321) | |||
| 1904 to 1906AH 1322 to 1323 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1872/73 (AH 1289)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Telgraf Memuru
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1889/90 (AH 1307)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 200
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 161 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul in the same years, Fuat Efendi had the 73rd highest salary.
- Mustafa Fazıl Bey6 shared years; highest salary 1,700 kuruş
- Mehmet Sadullah Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Mustafa Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Hafız Nuri Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 970 kuruş
- Ahmet Latif Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 922 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Fuat Efendi had the 559th highest salary.
- Hüseyin Hasip Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 20,000 kuruş
- Salahattin Bey6 shared years; highest salary 7,800 kuruş
- Suleyman Resat Bey6 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey6 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Fahri Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 2,037 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Fuat Efendi had the 1,250th highest salary.
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey13 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Mustafa Fazıl Bey13 shared years; highest salary 1,700 kuruş
- Mehmet Sadullah Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Mehmet Asım Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 1,550 kuruş
- Ali Şevket Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 1,450 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Fuat Efendi had the 1,695th highest salary of them.
- Abdulgafur Sırrı Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdullah Arif Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Abdullah Behçet Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Abdüllatif Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 520 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Akif Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Fuat Efendi had the 1,175th highest salary of them.
- Abdüllatif Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 520 kuruş
- Ahmet Niyazi Beyborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ahmet Rauf Beyborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 530 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 250 kuruş
- Ali Haydar Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 250 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 189 officials whose first annual entry is for 1892/93 (AH 1310), Fuat Efendi had the 123rd highest salary.
- Abdüssamed Salih Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Eyüp Kazım Efendifirst entry in Delvine; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Fransuva Efendifirst entry in Skopje (Üsküp); highest salary 495 kuruş
- Hafız Ali Efendifirst entry in Şile; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Hafız Mehmet Emin Efendifirst entry in Tripoli (Trablusgarp); highest salary 500 kuruş
All 189 officials whose first annual entry is for 1892/93 (AH 1310)
Full record
Annual entries (13)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Beykoz | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Beykoz | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Beykoz | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Gaziantep (Antep) | 440 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Gaziantep (Antep) | 440 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhabere Memuru | Şanlıurfa (Urfa) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Şanlıurfa (Urfa) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0078; 153 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Fuat Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1289 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Telgraf Memuru | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1307 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1890 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 200 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 13 annual entries of 13 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Fuat Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Beykoz
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)