Official
Mahmut Raşit Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Harput in 1841/42 (AH 1257). On record 1860 to 1899, 39 annual entries.
Archive reference 37_54; 105
Life#
Born in Harput in 1841/42 (AH 1257) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community, Mahmut Raşit Efendi was the child of a mounted courier (tatar). Schooling took four years, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi); Mahmut Raşit also attended the telegraph school.
Mahmut Raşit began work in Istanbul in 1859/60, at about 18, with one unpaid year as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 500 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1860/61, places Mahmut Raşit in Prizren as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). Next came seven places in 18 years, with a rise to director of the first grade (1. Müdür) in 1877/78, then a return to Harput, the birthplace, from 1878 to 1882. Mahmut Raşit then moved to Baghdad (Bağdat) from 1882 to 1893, then Erzincan in 1893/94, as an inspector (Müfettiş). The last posts were in Van from 1894 to 1898. Nine provinces on two continents in all, a number reached by fewer than 2 per cent of the 5,200 officials with a place of service. Few careers in the lists are as long; fewer than 4 per cent of the 5,211 officials have entries spanning 40 years or more.
The salary went from 500 kuruş a month in 1860/61 to 2,000 in 1893/94, the peak, as Müfettiş in Erzincan, when 96 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1898/99.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1841/42 (AH 1257)
First work 1859/60 (AH 1276)
1861 to 1864 (AH 1278 to 1280)
1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1867 to 1870 (AH 1284 to 1286)
No annual entry for 1866/67 (AH 1283) before it.
800 to 1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1860/61 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 36% |
| 1861/62 | 1,000 | 600 | 500 | 61% |
| 1862/63 | 1,000 | 500 | 500 | 63% |
| 1863/64 | 1,000 | 500 | 500 | 65% |
| 1864/65 | 1,200 | 625 | 1,440 | 69% |
| 1865/66 | 720 | 650 | 576 | 52% |
| 1867/68 | 800 | 600 | 1,000 | 61% |
| 1868/69 | 800 | 600 | 1,000 | 61% |
| 1869/70 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 71% |
| 1870/71 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 72% |
| 1871/72 | 1,000 | 550 | 855 | 80% |
| 1872/73 | 1,000 | 550 | 850 | 80% |
| 1873/74 | 1,090 | 500 | 830 | 84% |
| 1874/75 | 1,090 | 535 | 800 | 84% |
| 1875/76 | 1,090 | 530 | 850 | 84% |
| 1876/77 | 1,090 | 582.5 | 800 | 84% |
| 1877/78 | 1,200 | 560 | 1,225 | 85% |
| 1878 | 1,200 | 600 | 1,250 | 84% |
| 1878/79 | 1,200 | 600 | 1,250 | 84% |
| 1879/80 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 84% |
| 1880/81 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 84% |
| 1881/82 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 84% |
| 1882/83 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 82% |
| 1883/84 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 82% |
| 1884/85 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 82% |
| 1885/86 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 83% |
| 1886/87 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 84% |
| 1887/88 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 83% |
| 1888/89 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 84% |
| 1889/90 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 85% |
| 1890/91 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 86% |
| 1891/92 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 86% |
| 1892/93 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1893/94 | 2,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 96% |
| 1894/95 | 2,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 96% |
| 1895/96 | 2,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 96% |
| 1896/97 | 1,800 | 500 | 1,800 | 96% |
| 1897/98 | 1,800 | 500 | 1,800 | 96% |
| 1898/99 | 1,154 | 500 | 93% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1859/60AH 1276 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500first-salary field |
| 1860/61AH 1277 | Muhabere Memuru | Prizren | 500 |
| 1861 to 1864AH 1278 to 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | 1. Müdür | İskenderun | 1,200 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 720 |
| No annual entry: 1866/67 (AH 1283) | |||
| 1867 to 1870AH 1284 to 1286 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 800 to 1,000 |
| 1870 to 1873AH 1287 to 1289 | 2. Müdür | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,000 |
| 1873 to 1877AH 1290 to 1293 | 2. Müdür | Siirt | 1,090 |
| 1877 to 1878AH 1294 to 1295 | 1. Müdür | Diyarbakır | 1,200 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | 1. Müdür | Harput | 1,200 |
| 1879 to 1882AH 1297 to 1299 | 2. Müdür | Harput | 1,000 |
| 1882 to 1893AH 1300 to 1310 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Müfettiş | Erzincan | 2,000 |
| 1894 to 1898AH 1312 to 1315 | Müfettiş | Van | 2,000 to 1,800 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Tekauda note on status, not a job | Van | 1,154 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1841/42 (AH 1257)
- Birthplace
- Harput
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Tatar
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Higher or professional
- Telgraf Mektebitelegraph school; recorded as a code
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 1 year
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1859/60 (AH 1276)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 500
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 50 officials with entries in Baghdad (Bağdat) in the same years, Mahmut Raşit Efendi had the 12th highest salary.
- Nikola Colini Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 2,700 kuruş
- Mehmet Sait Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Lebip Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 760 kuruş
- Mehmet Salih Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 655 kuruş
- Mehmed Emin Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 630 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 303 officials with the title 2. Müdür in the same years, Mahmut Raşit Efendi had the 41st highest salary.
- Hasan Tahsin Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Mahmut Fazlı Efendi23 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Hüseyin Rüştü Efendi23 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Yusuf Azmi Efendi22 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Hızır Abbas Efendi21 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Raşit Efendi had the 75th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Nafiz Beyborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 640 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Ali Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Bekir Sami Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 27 officials born in Harput, 26 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Raşit Efendi had the 4th highest salary of them.
- Mustafa Efendiborn 1838/39 (AH 1254); highest salary 1,440 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendiborn 1836/37 (AH 1252); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Esad Efendiborn 1835/36 (AH 1251); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1834/35 (AH 1250); highest salary 2,640 kuruş
- Mustafa Cudi Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 38 officials whose first annual entry is for 1860/61 (AH 1277), Mahmut Raşit Efendi had the 14th highest salary.
- Mehmed Şemsi Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdulkerim Efendifirst entry in Novi Pazar (Yenipazar); highest salary 1,400 kuruş
- Mahmut Fazlı Efendifirst entry in Ruse (Rusçuk); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Tahir Efendifirst entry in Yozgat; highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendifirst entry in İzmit; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (39)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1860/61AH 1277 | Muhabere Memuru | Prizren | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1861/62AH 1278 | Muhabere Memuru | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Muhabere Memuru | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Sjenica (Seniçe) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | 1. Müdür | İskenderun | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | 2. Müdür | Preveza (Preveze) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | 2. Müdür | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | 2. Müdür | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | 2. Müdür | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | 2. Müdür | Siirt | 1,090 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | 2. Müdür | Siirt | 1,090 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | 2. Müdür | Siirt | 1,090 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | 2. Müdür | Siirt | 1,090 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | 1. Müdür | Diyarbakır | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1878AH 1295 | 1. Müdür | Diyarbakır | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | 1. Müdür | Harput | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | 2. Müdür | Harput | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | 2. Müdür | Harput | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | 2. Müdür | Harput | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Müfettiş | Erzincan | 2,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Müfettiş | Van | 2,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Müfettiş | Van | 2,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Müfettiş | Van | 1,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Müfettiş | Van | 1,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Tekaud | Van | 1,154 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_54; 105 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (15)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Raşit Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1257 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | harput | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | elazig | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | tatar | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Telegraph school (recorded code) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1276 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1860 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 500 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 29 annual entries of 39 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Raşit Efendi
- Director of the second grade (2. Müdür)
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Harput
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)