Official
Haşim Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Chania (Hanya) in 1860/61 (AH 1277). On record 1881 to 1907, 26 annual entries.
Archive reference 0007_0183; 363
Life#
Born in Chania (Hanya) in 1860/61 (AH 1277) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community, Haşim Efendi was the child of a tradesman (esnaf). Schooling took 12 years, at Darüşşafaka, the school for orphans in Istanbul; Haşim also attended the telegraph school, wrote French as well as Turkish and spoke Greek (Rum), and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
Work began in Istanbul in 1881/82, at about 21, paid from the start, on 400 kuruş a month. The first annual entry, for 1881/82, places Haşim in Istanbul in the Fen Kalemi. Next came Beyoğlu in 1882/83. From 1883 to 1907 the annual entries place Haşim again in Istanbul, first as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru), from 1892/93 in the accounts office (Muhasebe Kalemi), from 1900/01 in the foreign accounts office (Muhasebat-ı Ecnebiye Kalemi) and from 1901/02 as Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti.
The salary went from 400 kuruş a month in 1881/82 to 1,100 in 1903/04, the peak, as Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti in Istanbul, when nine in ten paid officials earned less. Over 26 years the salaries add up to 229,752 kuruş, 1.5 times what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1860/61 (AH 1277)
First work 1881/82 (AH 1299); 1881/82 (AH 1299)
400 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1883 to 1907 (AH 1301 to 1324)
Muhabere Memuru 1883 to 1892 (AH 1301 to 1309); Muhasebe Kalemi 1892 to 1900 (AH 1310 to 1317); Muhasebat-ı Ecnebiye Kalemi 1900/01 (AH 1318); Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti 1901 to 1907 (AH 1319 to 1324)
400 to 1,100 kuruş a month; entries in 24 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 31% |
| 1882/83 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 28% |
| 1883/84 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 27% |
| 1884/85 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 27% |
| 1885/86 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 27% |
| 1886/87 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 59% |
| 1887/88 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 58% |
| 1888/89 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 58% |
| 1889/90 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 58% |
| 1890/91 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 59% |
| 1891/92 | 600 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 59% |
| 1892/93 | 750 | 500 | 182.5 | 500 | 76% |
| 1893/94 | 750 | 500 | 200 | 480 | 76% |
| 1894/95 | 750 | 500 | 250 | 450 | 76% |
| 1895/96 | 840 | 500 | 250 | 440 | 84% |
| 1896/97 | 756 | 500 | 245 | 425 | 85% |
| 1897/98 | 800 | 500 | 275 | 425 | 86% |
| 1898/99 | 800 | 500 | 262.5 | 440 | 85% |
| 1899/1900 | 850 | 500 | 300 | 450 | 85% |
| 1900/01 | 850 | 500 | 825 | 450 | 84% |
| 1901/02 | 1,000 | 500 | 440 | 87% | |
| 1902/03 | 1,000 | 500 | 450 | 87% | |
| 1903/04 | 1,100 | 475 | 450 | 90% | |
| 1904/05 | 1,100 | 450 | 450 | 90% | |
| 1905/06 | 1,100 | 475 | 425 | 89% | |
| 1906/07 | 1,100 | 450 | 470 | 89% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82AH 1299 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400first-salary field |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Fen Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 400 |
| 1883 to 1892AH 1301 to 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 to 600 |
| 1892 to 1900AH 1310 to 1317 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750 to 850 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhasebat-ı Ecnebiye Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 850 |
| 1901 to 1907AH 1319 to 1324 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 to 1,100 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1860/61 (AH 1277)
- Birthplace
- Chania (Hanya)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Darüşşafaka
- Darüşşafaka (12 years)Darüşşafaka (school for orphans in Istanbul)
- Higher or professional
- Telgraf Mektebitelegraph school; recorded as a code
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Darüşşafaka
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Greek (Rum)
- tekellumspeaking. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1881/82 (AH 1299)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 123 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul in the same years, Haşim Efendi had the 27th highest salary.
- Mustafa Enver Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Tahir Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Nazım Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- İsmet Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Hasan Ruhi Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 1,388 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Haşim Efendi had the 297th highest salary.
- Suleyman Resat Bey25 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey25 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi25 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0007_0144; 285)25 shared years; highest salary 2,750 kuruş
- Salih Tevfik Efendi25 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 1,077 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Haşim Efendi had the 125th highest salary.
- Mehmet Arif Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 3,600 kuruş
- Halil Habib Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey10 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Ahmet Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Ali Bey10 shared years; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 203 officials with Darüşşafaka among their schools, Haşim Efendi had the 35th highest salary.
- Mustafa Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Fahri Efendiborn 1861/62 (AH 1278); highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Mehmet İhsan Efendiborn 1861/62 (AH 1278); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Osman Nuri Efendiborn 1861/62 (AH 1278); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- İbrahim Ethem Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 11 officials born in Chania (Hanya), Haşim Efendi had the 4th highest salary.
- Fornaraki Hasan Lamii Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Arif Beyborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Halil Efendiborn 1851/52 (AH 1268); highest salary 600 kuruş
- HÜSEYİN AVNİ EFENDİborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Mahmut Nihat Efendiborn 1871/72 (AH 1288); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
The page of Chania (Hanya), with the 11 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 86 officials whose first annual entry is for 1881/82 (AH 1299), Haşim Efendi had the 20th highest salary.
- İbrahim Edhem Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mehmet Nazmi Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Mehmet Tahir Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Huseyin Husnu Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet İhsan Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (26)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Fen Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 840 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 756 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhasebat-ı Ecnebiye Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Havalename Kalemi Basmemuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0007_0183; 363 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (15)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Haşim Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1277 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | hanya | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | girit | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Darussafaka | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 12 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Telegraph school (recorded code) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1299 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1882 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 25 annual entries of 26 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Haşim Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Chania (Hanya)
- Darüşşafaka
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)