Official
Kostaki Kudsi Efendi
Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum). Born in Aleppo (Halep) in 1868/69 (AH 1285). On record 1888 to 1900, 12 annual entries. Death recorded 1900/01.
Archive reference 0062_0150; 295
Life#
Born in Aleppo (Halep) in 1868/69 (AH 1285), Kostaki Kudsi Efendi came from the Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). In all Kostaki Kudsi knew four languages, Greek (Rum) in writing and French, Italian and Turkish a little; fewer than 5 per cent of the 5,211 officials knew as many.
Kostaki Kudsi began work in Aleppo in 1883/84, at about 16, with five unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 285 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1888/89, places Kostaki Kudsi in Damascus (Şam) as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). The annual lists then follow Kostaki Kudsi to Svilengrad (Cisr-i Mustafapaşa), Beirut (Beyrut) and İskenderun from 1890 to 1896, with a rise to official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti) in 1890/91. The last posts were in Aleppo, the birthplace, from 1896 to 1900.
The salary went from 285 kuruş a month in 1888/89 to 600 in 1892/93, the peak, as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Beirut, when 59 per cent of paid officials earned less. After the last annual entry, for 1899/1900, the list of 1900/01 (AH 1318) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1868/69 (AH 1285); First work 1883/84 (AH 1301)
Svilengrad (Cisr-i Mustafapaşa)
1890 to 1892 (AH 1308 to 1309)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
400 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1900/01 (AH 1318): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1888/89 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 10% |
| 1889/90 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 500 | 12% |
| 1890/91 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 28% |
| 1891/92 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 475 | 29% |
| 1892/93 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 59% |
| 1893/94 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 60% |
| 1894/95 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 60% |
| 1895/96 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 59% |
| 1896/97 | 540 | 500 | 495 | 500 | 61% |
| 1897/98 | 540 | 500 | 480 | 500 | 61% |
| 1898/99 | 540 | 500 | 495 | 500 | 61% |
| 1899/1900 | 540 | 500 | 500 | 487.5 | 60% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1883/84AH 1301 | First work | Aleppo (Halep) | 285first-salary field |
| 1888 to 1890AH 1306 to 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Damascus (Şam) | 285 |
| 1890 to 1892AH 1308 to 1309 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Svilengrad (Cisr-i Mustafapaşa) | 400 |
| 1892 to 1895AH 1310 to 1312 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | İskenderun | 600 |
| 1896 to 1900AH 1314 to 1317 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 540 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1868/69 (AH 1285)
- Birthplace
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Community
- Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum)
- Nationality as recorded
- Rum
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
- Death recorded
- 1900/01 (AH 1318)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Community school
- Rum Mektebi (4 years)Greek Orthodox (Rum) school
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 5 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Asinafamiliarity
- Italian
- Asinafamiliarity
- Greek (Rum)
- Kitabetwriting. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Asinafamiliarity
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1883/84 (AH 1301)
- Place
- Aleppo (Halep)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 285
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 3 officials who held Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Aleppo (Halep) in the same years, Kostaki Kudsi Efendi had the lowest salary.
- Ahmet Salih Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Mehmet Rauf Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 52 officials with entries in Aleppo (Halep) in the same years, Kostaki Kudsi Efendi had the 30th highest salary.
- Kostantin De Martin Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Yusuf Vasfi Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- İsmail Nuri Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Selim Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 328 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Kostaki Kudsi Efendi had the 172nd highest salary.
- Mehmet Cemal Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Israti Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Garon Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Mehmet Rıfat Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 61 officials with Rum Mektebi among their schools, Kostaki Kudsi Efendi had the 34th highest salary.
- Antas Remzi Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Hıristo Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Ali Fuat Efendiborn 1869/70 (AH 1286); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Garofalidi Efendiborn 1869/70 (AH 1286); highest salary 100 kuruş
- AHMET ELMAS EFENDiborn 1866/67 (AH 1283); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 67 officials born in Aleppo (Halep), Kostaki Kudsi Efendi had the 21st highest salary.
- Balizar Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 630 kuruş
- Fethullah Kemal Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Cudi Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Osman Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Nuri Fehmi Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 900 kuruş
The page of Aleppo (Halep), with the 67 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 114 officials whose first annual entry is for 1888/89 (AH 1306), 113 have a recorded salary; Kostaki Kudsi Efendi had the 43rd highest salary of them.
- Mahmut Nedim Efendifirst entry in Damascus (Şam); highest salary 1,140 kuruş
- Ahmet Sami Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Hüsnü Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Mehmet Sabri Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 550 kuruş
- Murat Remzi Efendifirst entry in Ajloun (Aclun); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
All 114 officials whose first annual entry is for 1888/89 (AH 1306)
Full record
Annual entries (12)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Damascus (Şam) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Damascus (Şam) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Svilengrad (Cisr-i Mustafapaşa) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Svilengrad (Cisr-i Mustafapaşa) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | İskenderun | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0150; 295 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (15)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Kostaki Kudsi Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1285 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | halep | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | halep | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Rum | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rum Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 5 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1301 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1884 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Halep | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 285 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1318 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 12 annual entries of 12 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Kostaki Kudsi Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Greek Orthodox (Rum) school (Rum Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum)
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)